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CodeSonar® 9.2p0 CONFIDENTIAL CodeSecure Inc
C and C++


MATH.DOMAIN.SQRT : sqrt on Negative Value

Summary

An attempt to compute the square root of a negative value.

Properties

Class Name sqrt on Negative Value
Significance reliability
Mnemonic MATH.DOMAIN.SQRT
Categories
MisraC2025 MisraC2025:D.4.1 Run-time failures shall be minimized
  MisraC2025:D.4.11 The validity of values passed to library functions shall be checked
MisraC2023 MisraC2023:D.4.1 Run-time failures shall be minimized
  MisraC2023:D.4.11 The validity of values passed to library functions shall be checked
Misra2012 Misra2012:D.4.1 Run-time failures shall be minimized
  Misra2012:D.4.11 The validity of values passed to library functions shall be checked
Misra2004 Misra2004:20.3 The validity of values passed to library functions shall be checked
AUTOSARC++14 AUTOSARC++14:A0-4-4 Range, domain and pole errors shall be checked when using math functions.
MisraC++2023 MisraC++2023:0.3.2 A function call shall not violate the function's preconditions
CWE CWE:628 Function Call with Incorrectly Specified Arguments
  CWE:687 Function Call With Incorrectly Specified Argument Value
  CWE:688 Function Call With Incorrect Variable or Reference as Argument
CERT-C CERT-C:FLP32-C Prevent or detect domain and range errors in math functions
OWASP-2021 OWASP-2021:A4 Insecure design
OWASP-2025 OWASP-2025:A06 Insecure Design
Availability Available for C and C++.
Enabling Checks for this warning class are enabled by default. To disable them, add the following WARNING_FILTER rule to the project configuration file.
WARNING_FILTER += discard class="sqrt on Negative Value"

Triggers

CodeSonar ships with library models that allow it to recognize functions such as libm sqrt() that compute a square root. If one of these functions is called with a negative value in the input parameter parameter position, a warning will be issued.

If you have created a custom library model for some function f() in terms of one of these existing models, calls to f() will also be capable of triggering sqrt on Negative Value warnings.

Example

#include <math.h>

double mysqrt(double d){
    return sqrt(d)      /* two 'sqrt on Negative Value' warnings reported here:
                         * - one with path starting in call_sqrtneg_one()
                         * - one with path starting in call_sqrtneg_ten()
                         */
           + sqrt(d+5); /* one 'sqrt on Negative Value' warning reported here,
                         * with path starting in call_sqrtneg_ten()
                         */
}

/* -1.0 is negative, -1.0 + 5 is not */
double call_sqrtneg_one(void){ return mysqrt(-1.0); }

/* -10.0 is negative, -10.0 + 5 is also negative */
double call_sqrtneg_ten(void){ return mysqrt(-10.0); }

Relevant Configuration File Parameters

The following configuration file parameters affect checks for this warning class.

 

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