LANG.STRUCT.INIT.MBI : Missing Braces in Initialization

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CodeSonar^® 9.2p0

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C and C++

LANG.STRUCT.INIT.MBI : Missing Braces in Initialization

Summary

An initializer for an object or subobject is not enclosed in braces, and is not one of the following permitted forms:

a string literal,
the special initializer {0},
a designated initializer, or
an expression of compatible type (only permitted for automatic structures and unions).

Properties

Class Name

Missing Braces in Initialization

Significance

style

Mnemonic

LANG.STRUCT.INIT.MBI

Categories

MisraC2025	MisraC2025:9.2	The initializer for an aggregate or union shall be enclosed in braces
MisraC2023	MisraC2023:9.2	The initializer for an aggregate or union shall be enclosed in braces
Misra2012	Misra2012:9.2	The initializer for an aggregate or union shall be enclosed in braces
Misra2004	Misra2004:9.2	Braces shall be used to indicate and match the structure in the non-zero initialisation of arrays and structures
AUTOSARC++14	AUTOSARC++14:M8-5-2	Braces shall be used to indicate and match the structure in the non-zero initialization of arrays and structures.
MisraC++2008	MisraC++2008:8-5-2	Braces shall be used to indicate and match the structure in the non-zero initialization of arrays and structures.
CWE	CWE:665	Improper Initialization
JSF++	JSF++:144	Braces shall be used to indicate and match the structure in the non-zero initialization of arrays and structures.

Availability

Available for C and C++.

Enabling

Checks for this warning class are disabled by default, and require the unnormalized C ASTs for the project. To enable them, add the following WARNING_FILTER rule and RETAIN_UNNORMALIZED_C_AST specification to the project configuration file.

RETAIN_UNNORMALIZED_C_AST = Yes
WARNING_FILTER += allow class="Missing Braces in Initialization"

Note that retaining the unnormalized ASTs will increase the disk space used to store the project representation, and may make the analysis take longer.

Example

int arr_nonestinit[2][2] = {1, 2, 3, 4};    /* 'Missing Braces in Initialization' warning issued here */
int arr_nestinit[2][2] = { {1, 2}, {3, 4} };                       /* fully nested */ 
char arr_strinit[10] = "hello";                                    /* string literal */ 
int arr_zero[2][2] = { 0 };                                        /* {0} initializes all elements to 0 */ 
int arr_desinit[2][2] = {[1][0]=1, [0][0]=2, [0][1]=1, [1][1]=0};  /* designated initializer */ 

typedef struct { int x, y; }  point;
typedef struct { point beg; point end; } line ;

line l_nonest = {1, 2, 3, 4};               /* 'Missing Braces in Initialization' warning issued here */ 
line l_nest = { {1,2}, {3,4} };                                    /* fully nested */ 
line l_zero = { 0 };                                               /* {0} initializer */ 
line l_des = { .beg.x = 0 };                                       /* designated initializer */

Relevant Configuration File Parameters

The following configuration file parameters affect checks for this warning class.

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